Glossary
value checker
A battery-operated smart card reader for checking the current value held in a stored value card.
VCC
The contact or pad on a smart card module through which voltage is supplied to power the smart card processor; also the voltage itself, typically 5 volts.
Verifier
(or bytecode verifier) An application that processes incoming code (e.g., applets) and ensures that it complies with security policy. See also Java Card, PCC.
Virtual machine
Software interpreter used to translate the byte code of applets (originating in the compilation of code written in high level language) into a machine language understood by the card's micro-controller via the operating system loaded in the latter. The JVM (Java Virtual Machine), may be the piece of software responsible for executing the Bytecode written in Java line by line. Multos also has a virtual machine to interpret byte code written in its own language (MEL).
Virus
A program that can "infect" other programs by modifying them to include a, possibly evolved, copy of itself.
Visa Cash card
A stored-value smart card produced by Visa that transfers U.S. cash.
VMAC
The Valimo Mobile Authentication Client
Volatile Memory
A memory device (e.g., RAM ) that does not retain stored information when power is switched off. See Non-volatile
voltage attack
An attack on a smart card’s security system that is based on making very precise measurements of how much voltage the smart card draws. For example, some smart card chips draw more voltage when they are multiplying by one than when they are multiplying by zero.
VOP
Visa Open Platform. A comprehensive system architecture allowing fast development of globally interoperable smart card systems. ("Open Platform" is a variant of this architecture that is not restricted to the banking industry).
VORTIX
Visualization of Real-time Transport Interchange
VPN
Virtual Private Network (VPN) - A private data network that makes use of the public telecommunication infrastructure, maintaining privacy through the use of a tunnelling protocol and infrastructure procedured. The idea of the VPN is to give the company the same capabilities at much lower cost by using the shared public infrastructure rather than a private one. Phone companies have provided secured shared resources for voice messages. A virtual private network makes it possible to have the same secure sharing of public resources for data. Companies today are looking at using a pricate virtual network for both extranets and wide-area intranets.
VPP
The contact or pad on a smart card module through which voltage is supplied to program or to erase the nonvolatile memory of the smart card; also, the voltage itself, typically 5 volts.
wired logic card See intelligent memory card.
VR
Voice Recognition
VWP
the Visa Waiver Program